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Earthing In Electrical Fitting
Wed Mar 04, 2015Total posts : 1
jay prakash
jay prakash
Join date: Mar 2015
 Topic: Earthing In Electrical Fitting
Dear sir, How much Pipe/Plate should be in side the earth. kindly advice the specification for the earthing according to power load. Thanx & Regards

The comment above talks about the article   "Earthing In Electrical Fitting"
Wed Mar 04, 2015Post  #1
S L Gupta (Civil Engg)
S L Gupta (Civil Engg)

Join date: Mar 2008		Dear Jai
    
  • Number of Earthing Electrode and Earthing Resistance depends on the resistivity of soil and time for fault Current to pass through (1 sec or 3 sec). If we divide the area for earthing required by the area of one earth plate gives the no of Earth pits required.
  • There is no general rule to calculate the exact no of earth Pits and Size of Earthing Strip, But discharging of leakage current is certainly dependent on the cross section area of the material so for any equipment the earth strip size is calculated on the current to be carried by that strip. First the leakage current to be carried is calculated and then size of the strip is determined.
  • For most of the Electrical equipments like Transformer, DG set etc., the  General concept is to have 4 no earth pits.2 no’s for body earthing With 2 separate strips with the pits shorted and 2 nos for Neutral with 2 separate strips with the pits shorted.
  • The Size of Neutral Earthing Strip should be Capable to carry neutral current of that equipment.
  • The Size of Body Earthing should be capable to carry half of neutral Current.
  • For example for 100kVA transformer, the full load Current is around 140A.The strip connected should be Capable to carry at least 70A (neutral current) which means a Strip of GI 25x3mm should be enough to carry the current And for body a strip of 25×3 will do the needful.
  • Normally we consider the strip size that is generally used as Standards. However a strip with lesser size which can carry a current of 35A can be used for body earthing. The reason for using 2 earth pits for each body and neutral and then shorting them is to serve as back up. If one strip gets Corroded and cuts the continuity is broken and the other Leakage current flows through the other run thery by completing the circuit. Similarly for panels the no of pits should be 2 nos. The size can be decided on the main incomer Breaker.
  • For example if main incomer to breaker is 400A, then Body earthing for panel can have a strip size of 25×6 mm Which can easily carry 100A.
  • Number of earth pits is decided by considering the total Fault current to be dissipated to the ground in case of Fault and the current that can be dissipated by each earth Pit.
  • Normally the density of current for GI strip can be roughly 200 amps per square cam. Based on the length and dia of the Pipe used the Number of Earthing Pits can be finalized.
 

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