Which type of soil and foundation is recommended for protection of building in earth quake zones? | | | | The foundation of the building shall preferably be of the same type of soil to avoid differential settlement.However some recommendations are following:
- Loose fine sand, soft silt, black cotton soil and expensive clays should be avoided for foundation. If unavoidable the building shall rest either on a rigid raft foundation.
- The following measures are taken to improve the soil for light construction:(A) Sand piling(B) Soil stabilization
- All the individual footings used in soft soils shall be connected by reinforced concrete ties at least in two directions approximately at right angle to each other.
- For buildings with no basement, the ties may be placed at or below the plinth level and for building with basement.
- For buildings with basement ties may be placed at the level of basement.
- If the soil is hard enough and the water table is below 10 m than the ground level, use ordinary strip foundation for the wall and isolated footing for the column.
- Make the plinth protection around the house wide enough with drain at its edge so as to prevent water going under footings.
- Foundation should be taken down to a minimum depth of 900 mm at any point.
- Check stability of the slope if the building is on a sloppy site as the slope may slide during rains or earthquake.
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